毛皮动物源粪肠球菌的分离鉴定     

慈洋  史晓洁  宋鹏  丁琦  李文立 《中国畜牧兽医》2020,47(9):2997-3005

为获得毛皮动物源粪肠球菌,并评价其益生特性,本研究从健康成年毛皮动物（水貂、狐狸、貉）粪便中分离粪肠球菌,通过形态学观察、生化试验和16S rRNA序列分析等方法进行种属鉴定。测定分离菌株生长曲线、产酸能力、抗菌药敏感性,并挑取部分菌株测定其对于温度、人工胃液、人工胆盐的耐受能力。结果表明,分离菌株中共5株为革兰氏阳性菌,生化特性与粪肠球菌标准株基本相符,且经16S rRNA序列分析鉴定为粪肠球菌。5株菌均于培养后2 h进入对数期,8~10 h进入稳定期,且具有弱产酸能力。分离菌株对四环素、左氟沙星耐药性强,耐药率为100%,其次为青霉素（80%）、红霉素（80%）、庆大霉素（80%）、氯霉素（40%）,对氨苄西林和万古霉素敏感。水貂、狐狸和貉源的粪肠球菌对于60 ℃以下温度处理、pH>3.0的人工胃液、0.3%~0.5%浓度的胆盐耐受能力较强,对70 ℃以上高温和pH<3.0的人工胃液耐受性差。综上所述,本研究共获得5株毛皮动物源（水貂、狐狸、貉）粪肠球菌,分离菌株繁殖较快,适合在毛皮动物肠道中定植并发挥益生作用,且具有较好的益生特性和抗逆性,可作为动物用微生态制剂的候选菌种进一步研究。  相似文献   

粪肠球菌对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及肠道组织形态的影响     

陶振阳  张耀文  曹忠洋  焦国宝  张志丹  刘方圆  王杰  王占彬 《中国畜牧兽医》2020,47(5):1413-1420

试验旨在研究添加不同剂量的粪肠球菌对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及肠道形态结构的影响。选取70周龄产蛋率相近的海兰褐蛋鸡270只,随机分为3个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。试验设对照组（饲喂基础日粮）、试验Ⅰ组（基础日粮+3.75 mg/kg粪肠球菌）和试验Ⅱ组（基础日粮+7.5 mg/kg粪肠球菌）,预试期7 d,正试期50 d。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组产蛋后期蛋鸡产蛋率、产蛋量极显著提高（P<0.01）,料蛋比极显著降低（P<0.01）;与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组蛋鸡的蛋壳厚度、蛋壳强度、蛋形指数、蛋白高度、哈夫单位、蛋黄相对重、蛋壳相对重均无显著变化（P>0.05）;与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组产蛋后期蛋鸡十二指肠、回肠的黏膜厚度极显著增加（P<0.01）,回肠绒毛高度显著提高（P<0.05）。综上所述,在产蛋后期蛋鸡日粮中添加适宜剂量的粪肠球菌可提高蛋鸡生产性能,改善肠道形态结构。  相似文献   

Extraction,Purification and Determination of Capsular Polysaccharide in Enterococcus faecium     

LIU Yong-an  LI Xue-rui  ZHOU Jian-hua  MA Li-na  LIU Yong-sheng 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(5):1309-1314

In order to extract and purify the capsular polysaccharide of Enterococcus faecium and measure contents of polysaccharide, high pressure crushing methods and enzyme decomposition methods (RNase A (25 μg/mL), DNase (0.5 mg/mL), lysozyme (0.25 mg/mL) and protease K (1.25 mg/mL)) were used to remove the nucleic acids and proteins to obtain crude capsular polysaccharide, and centrifugal ultrafiltration with 30 and 100 ku ultrafiltration centrifuge tubes and DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow column chromatography were also adopted to obtain the purified capsular polysaccharides of Enterococcus faecium. Then the content of polysaccharide was determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. The results showed the capsular polysaccharide content was 75.21%. The results revealed that capsular polysaccharide ofEnterococcus faecium was extracted successfully. The method of extracting capsular polysaccharide in Enterococcus faecium was established initially.  相似文献   

东北黑熊源粪肠球菌EfaA基因的克隆表达及生物信息学分析     

秦晓东  楚熹橦  鲁承  孙福亮  孙兴忠 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(8):2248-2254

为检测熊源粪肠球菌心内膜炎抗原（EfaA）基因,用于快速检测东北黑熊粪肠球菌感染病例,本试验根据GenBank登录的粪肠球菌EfaA基因序列（登录号：U03756.1）合成了1对PCR引物,通过PCR法扩增合成长度为689 bp的目的片段。将PCR产物克隆于pMD19-T载体,之后将其转入大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞筛选阳性克隆。提取扩增后的重组质粒pMD19-T-EfaA并进行PCR、酶切鉴定、序列测定及蛋白质结构预测。结果显示,本试验成功克隆出熊源粪肠球菌EfaA基因,与GenBank登录的ATCC 29212菌株同源性为100.0%。本试验成功构建了重组克隆载体pMD19-T-EfaA,并对测序结果进行了蛋白质结构的预测,为进一步建立黑熊粪肠球菌病的诊断方法提供了理论依据,同时也为黑熊疾病的防制奠定了基础。  相似文献   

pH对粪肠球菌高产双乙酰的影响     

郑遂  康欢  赵蕊  杨丽杰  霍贵成 《东北农业大学学报》2013,(2):7-11

将分离自内蒙古农家酸马奶(Koumiss)的粪肠球菌KLDS 4.1004经NTG诱变获得诱变株KLDS 4.1003,后者的LDH、DR酶活力下降,且ALD酶失活。对两者进行8个pH点条件下的酶活、生长情况与代谢物测定,确定KLDS 4.1003在pH 6.5、7.0时双乙酰产量最高。在6个时间点分别检测两个pH点的菌数与双乙酰产量变化,发现发酵16 h两项指标均最高,最终确定最高产双乙酰条件为pH 7.0、16 h,最大产量为1.29 g.L-1。结果表明,诱变株KLDS 4.1003产双乙酰性能优良,可进一步开发成产香型益生发酵剂菌种。  相似文献   

2022年北京市宠物源细菌耐药性监测浅析     

陈玉  李霆 《中国兽药杂志》2024,58(4):20-26

为了解北京市宠物源细菌的抗菌药物耐药情况,2022年,笔者对北京市四个城区的四家宠物医院的犬、猫共计50份样本的肛拭子进行了研究。试验对样品中的大肠杆菌和肠球菌首先进行了分离培养和质谱鉴定,然后采用微量肉汤稀释法分析分离菌株的耐药表型。结果共分离出大肠杆菌25株、肠球菌25株（屎肠球菌14株、粪肠球菌11株）。大肠杆菌耐药率最高的2种抗菌药为四环素和氨苄西林,多重耐药菌占44%;肠球菌耐药情况较严重,粪肠球菌耐药率最高的抗菌药物为磺胺异噁唑,屎肠球菌耐药率最高的抗菌药物为磺胺异噁唑、头孢西丁和红霉素,二者多重耐药菌占分离株总数的100%。综上,北京地区宠物源大肠杆菌、肠球菌的耐药情况较为严峻,且多重耐药现象突出,需要加强对宠物抗菌药使用的监督与管理。  相似文献   

粪产碱菌耐铵工程菌与水稻联合共生固氮作用   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

陈明  张维  林敏 《核农学报》1999,13(6):373-376

粪产碱菌（ Ａａｅｃａｌｉｓｆａｅｃａｌｉｓ） 在ＬＷ 培养基下能产生植物激素ＩＡＡ。盆栽结果表明,接种Ａ．ｆａｅｃａｌｉｓ 显著提高了水稻的生长,接种Ａ１５０１ 和Ａ１５１３ 的水稻稻谷产量分别比未接种提高了８５％ 和１０３ ％ ,用１５ Ｎ 同位素稀释法估测水稻地上部总氮中来源联合固氮的百分率达９００ ％ 和１１５ ％ ,其结果与水稻地上部（ 茎叶及稻谷） 总氮量的增加幅度（８６ ％ 和１１６ ％ ）基本一致。研究还表明Ａ１５１３ 耐铵工程菌的产ＩＡＡ作用以及对水稻的生长和产量、联合固氮作用均优于原始菌株Ａ１５０１ 。  相似文献   

Enterococcus faecalis of human and poultry origin share virulence genes supporting the zoonotic potential of E. faecalis     

Olsen RH  Schønheyder HC  Christensen H  Bisgaard M 《Zoonoses and public health》2012,59(4):256-263

Enterococcus faecalis is a major cause of nosocomial infections in humans and has been linked to severe extra‐intestinal infections in poultry. A zoonotic potential has been suggested and the aim of the present study was to investigate similarities in virulence gene profiles of E. faecalis originating from infections in humans and poultry respectively. A total of 106 isolates of E. faecalis [26 human clinical isolates, 60 poultry clinical isolates (including two small‐colony variants (SCVs) and 20 poultry cloacal isolates] were investigated for presence of seven virulence‐associated genes: ace, asa1, cylA, efaA, EF0591, esp and gelE. For each gene, the PCR‐amplification product was sequenced from one isolate in each group to explore intragenic variations between genes of human and poultry origin. Haemolytic and protease activities were assessed and isolates were assigned a sequence type (ST). Three of the seven genes investigated (ace, efaA and gelE) were present in all isolates. The asa1 was detected in 63/80 and 13/26 isolates of poultry and human origin respectively. For cylA, the numbers were 46/80 and 14/26 respectively. Among poultry isolates, esp and EF0591 were the least frequently observed genes (1/80 and 20/80 respectively); the prevalences among human isolates were 1/26 and 18/26 respectively. A high degree of similarity between genes in human and poultry isolates were confirmed by sequencing of amplification products. None of the cylA‐positive isolates demonstrated haemolytic activity, while the phenotypic expression of gelatinase varied. The ST16 was the only ST shared by human and poultry isolates. The SCV isolates did not show a unique virulence profile or phylogeny. In conclusion, regardless of the distinct phylogenetic background of most E. faecalis isolates of human and poultry origin, we found major similarities in virulence gene profile and gene sequences in isolates from the two sources, supporting the zoonotic risk associated with this organism.  相似文献   

粪肠球菌F71的增殖培养基优化研究     

周英  高紫兰  袁凌南  周家春 《现代农业科技》2012,(3):35-36,39

为达到增殖菌体的目的,对粪肠球菌F71进行了培养基优化正交试验。结果表明,最佳培养基的组成为:胰蛋白胨10 g/L,酵母粉10 g/L,葡萄糖10 g/L,无水氯化钙0.04 g/L,七水合硫酸镁0.019 2 g/L,磷酸氢二钾0.04 g/L,磷酸二氢钾0.04 g/L,磷酸氢钠0.4 g/L,氯化钠0.08 g/L,土豆汁50 g/L,碳酸钙1 g/L,乙酸钠10 g/L,碳酸铵2 g/L,乙酸铵1 g/L,半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.5 g/L,pH值为9,最适培养温度为35℃。用此培养基进行增殖,F71的最高活菌数达到2.78×108 cfu/mL,比基础培养基提高了54.6%。  相似文献   

猪、鸡源分离粪肠球菌的核糖体分型及耐药性分析     

钱晓璐  商军  田恺  张浩然 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(8):2176-2182

对上海地区1个规模化养猪场和1个规模化养鸡场分离鉴定的40株粪肠球菌,采用微量肉汤稀释法对12种抗菌药物进行药敏试验,采用Riboprinter^®微生物基因指纹鉴定系统检测分离菌株的基因指纹图谱,分别检测分离菌株中的核糖体型和耐药性。结果表明,在40株粪肠球菌中,80%以上为多重耐药菌株,有4株猪源粪肠球菌对万古霉素耐药,其中有2株表现为对万古霉素高度耐药（MIC>64 mg/L）,且对链霉素和庆大霉素同时表现为高度耐药（MIC>2 048 mg/L）。从耐药表型和核糖体分型共同分析粪肠球菌的耐药性,发现多重耐药性严重,同一核糖体型菌株的耐药表型并非完全一致。  相似文献